Social Influences on Behavior

affectionate Influences on Behavior Somchai Knorr Grantham University friendly Influences on Behavior Sociologists and philosophers had recognized that volume convey differently in crowds than they do as soulfulnessists and that a crowd is more(prenominal) than the mere sum of its parts (Kowalski & Western, 2005). Hu earth behavior changes based on neighborly situations singulars may encounter, and these encounters may begin as early as toddler years. Individuals learn to adapt to society by changing their behavior in order to capable in with the rest of the crowd.Two examples of how an individuals behavior changes based on mixer situations are when a) a person decides to suck liquor at a friendly event. The succor example of when an individuals behavior changes based on social situations is b) when a person decides to smoke ganja or cigarettes. One may see these behaviors in an individual who regularly does non transmit the like so when they are riseing to act like e very ane else. These behaviors may be seen in situations such(prenominal) as a party, a club, or a popular social event, where an individual lead attain it fitting to be rent differently to receive recognition from otherwise social crowds.Precursors and Consequences When he offshoot arrived on campus at age 18, he figured he had to drink if he wanted to fit in, even though the legal intoxication age is 21 (Wilson, 2008). Students, especially in colleges and universities, find themselves in situations where they cogitate they call for to take part in tipsiness and partying to get compliment from the rest of the student body to increase their self-esteem and popularity. An example of social comparison would be a student imbibing and ingest to fit in with the crowd.Adults may everyplacely find themselves peer pressured to drink inebriant or smoke when taking part in extracurricular activities, such as going emerge to clubs or attending social events, to bump rel axed or content. Drinking and ingest is advertised on a bit basis as a mood of enthralling the party. One example that I have observed would be with the recent kick off of the American football season. My television sets are invaded with beer commercials emphasizing on how fans seem to enjoy the game more when they are alcoholism a beer, when I realize my ocal Wal-Mart or Publix, there is an arena designed just for football fans make of beer products. Social psychology concepts concentrate on the individual and the situation in which that individual is in. As mentioned above, self-esteem is one of the examples that apply to individuals who mapping liquor, ganja or baccy as a coping mechanism. The self-concept of one not cosmos able to function correctly with let on the liquor or the tobacco in their system is another concept of social psychology. In the longsighted run the individual is at risk of affecting his or her health, their education, and their social standing. Associated Phenomenon Phenomenons such as social facilitation and social work out have been associated with behaviors, such as drinking and sens in social events. Social influence Social influence, meats of the presence of others on the way concourse think, smelling, and answer (Kowalski & Westen, 2005). Social influence is associated with both behaviors because the changes in behaviors are due to the attitudes of others or guidance towards a particular direction, in this case the drinking and smoking of tobacco or marijuana.Another example of how social influence affects the behavior of an individual in guiding them towards smoking or drinking with the perception that getting involved is pleasurable and accepted widely among other peers. One might find themselves as the only person the stem of peers that does not smoke or drink, at one point or another they will involve themselves in the same activities because everyone else is drinking and smoking and they have not had so me(prenominal) severe apparent consequences.When it becomes a routine for everyone around oneself to party constantly and go on drinking and smoking binges, conformity is another phenomenon that occurs because this person is accommodating themselves to standards of the rest of the group. Social facilitation Social facilitation is another phenomenon that is associated to individuals who use drinking and smoking as an excuse to act as in a certain(p) way. Individuals use drinking as a way to express their ascertainings better in a group of people or towards a certain individual.For example, when a person drinks era out at a club or a party, they may feel as if they have the confidence to approach others they may find lovely or laugh and dance within the group of partygoers. Small quantitys of intoxicant might dull carkful feelings (C. A. M. H. , 2008). Just as individuals use drinking and smoking as a way to feel happy and relaxed others use these substances to feel numb. Indi viduals use alcohol as a gateway to forgetting any traumatic events in their lives such as being familiarly, physically, or emotionally ribd.The stress of relations with other individuals, like a significant other, a parent, or a child, with mental or health issue in any case leaves behind emotional distress, and one may feel that the way of dealing with the stress is to drink. Recently a soused friend started smoking cigarettes I questioned her on why she had taken on this habit. Her response leftfield me dumbstruck it seemed ridiculous to me, that she had taken on this habit because it was a way of dealing with the stress of having three children at the age of 21. Therapeutic InterventionWhen an individual or an individuals family and friends consider remedy intervention it is for the unsophisticated fact that the behavior has esca freshd to an uncontrollable degree. When an individual loses control of his or her heart, the remedy intervention is what provides the guid ance, reasoning, and inspiration for the person to make the needed changes to get stand on track. The determining factor of whether a person should consider therapeutic intervention or not is the frequency and quantity of alcohol, tobacco, or marijuana is consuming.Another determining factor would be the reason of why this individual has taken on this behavior. As mentioned earlier, many people begin smoking marijuana or cigarettes and begin drinking alcohol when they have encountered disagreeable situations as well as having to deal with traumatic events. Conclusion As examined, behaviors such as smoking and drinking are changed endured by military man based on social situations they encounter. Social situations such as parties or traumatic past events may trigger oneself to act a certain way or take on new habits.Individuals may feel that by partaking in certain activities their social standings will improve. Unfortunately, if the right amount of self control is not applied an individual may find oneself overwhelmed and become addicted to a substance or livelinessstyle. References Centre for habituation and Mental Health. PAHO. (2008). Retrieved October11, 2009, from http//www. camh. net/About_Addiction_Mental_Health/Drug_and_Addiction_Informatio n/Women_and_Alcohol/alcohol_feelings. html Thadani, Vandana Huchting, Karen LaBrie, Joseph. (2009, August 1).Alcohol-related information in multi-component interventions and college students drinking behavior The Free Library. (2009). Retrieved October 10, 2009 from http//www. thefreelibrary. com/Alcohol-related information in multi-component interventions and -a0207704284 University of genus Phoenix. (2009). Week fin Readings Psychology, Chapter 15. Retrieved October 6, 2009, from University of Phoenix, Week Five, PSY/300General Psychology Web site. Wilson, Brenda. (2008, October23). University Uses Social Norming to go for Drinking. NPR Health. Retrieved from http//www. npr. org/templates/ bosh/story. php? storyId=95937183Social Influences on BehaviorAlbert tip was a twentieth century serial killer, child rapist, sadomasochist, and cannibal. This paper is a brief translation focused on the forces that impacted his life from the viewpoint of developmental psychology. The condition made an effort to distinguish between the influences of hereditary and environment on psychological development. He excessively explains what family issues and social shop at systems may have influenced Albert leans developmental growth and adjustment.Two different theories of disposition selected by the source was applied to slant, which includes a discussion of how each scheme differs in terms of how it explains Fishs unique patterns and traits. The author also makes a determination regarding which theory he believes best explains Fishs behaviors and achievements. Forces That Impact Life Developmental Psychology Developmental psychology is define as The branch of psychology concerned with the stu dy of progressive behavioural changes in an individual from birth until death (Farlex, 2011).Albert Fishs approximately childhood contributed to the person he became, along with other factors that occurred throughout adulthood. He was born to poverty on May 19, 1870. His father passed away on October 15, 1875. His mother could not take care of Fish, therefore, she placed him in a religious orphanage called Saint Johns Orphanage. Here he learned to lie, cheat, beg, and steal. He also experienced and seen wrong-doings no boy, or person, should. Albert Fish was whipped bare-bottomed at the orphanage and was forced to witness other boys being whipped.He verbalize this abuse was the beginning of his ruined mind. During his consultation, before his execution, he said he felt his first sex feeling while honoring the other boys be whipped, which eventually developed while he was receiving the abuse. When Fish left the orphanage, he felt the need to satisfy these sexual urges with sexual experimentation and prostitution, which included men. His needs and urges became very sadomasochistic. He enjoyed what hurt. He inflicted pain on not only himself, but also on others.He would not stop until he reached his climax, and progress on with the torcher for days. In his late 20s, Albert Fish married. His wife had the same types of sexual interest as he. plot of ground he was married, he continued to lead a double life by fulfilling his sadomasochistic fantasies with boys. He made this way of life well obtainable by working as a traveling signboardpainter and being away more than he was home. Fish traveled all over the United States. I had children in every state, Albert Fish stated during his interview (Borowski, 2006).After 19 years of marriage, Albert Fishs wife left him for another man. She had sent their six children off to the movies, and they came home to an empty house. He came home to find his six children alone and discover she had taken everything. Fish belie ved this was his breaking point. His children testified, during his trial, although he never hit them or raised his vocalisation to them, they did witness his self-torcher. They testified to finding blood covered boards with nails sticking out of one end and to seeing him drive needles into himself.An x-ray was taken of his pelvic vicinity that showed 29 needles lodged within. In 1928, approximately five years after his wife abandoned him and their children, Albert Fish decided to act upon a growing urge. He responded to a newspaper advertisement of a young boy expression for employment. After he responded by telegram, he arrived at the young mans house, bearing lunch. He quickly lost interest in the young man once Fish seen his younger sister, Grace Budd. He convinced her parents to let him take her to his nieces birthday party, which was fictional. She was to never be seen again.Albert took Grace to an old abandoned house where he tricked her into coming into the house where he was naked, waiting for her. He strangled her, cut her up into minuscular pieces, and devoured her. Fish said that he got the idea of cannibalism from his uncle in 1894, which was never verified. His uncle, master John Daus, sailed to China during the time of a famine. Children were change to be butchered. They were brought out in parts to be cut to ones choosing and sold as veal. The lord told his nephew human meat did taste of veal, and the behind was the sweetest part.The captain stole two children to bring home with him. He beat their behinds for days, while they were still alive, to make it nice and tender. Albert Fish decided he had to try it. Not only did the environment in which he grew up spring Albert Fish, it is believed that his genetic influences may have had a huge impact as well. His family had a history of mental illness his uncle suffered from religious mania, a buddy was confined in the state mental hospital, another brother had died of hydrocephaly and his sister had a mental affliction.Three other close relatives suffered from severe mental illnesses and his mother was believed to suffer frequent aural and/or visual hallucinations (Farlex, 2011). Albert Fish seems to fall in the postconventional moral development area of psychological development. Postconventional morality is how people reason using abstract, self-defined moral principles that may not match conventional moral dogmas (Kowalski & Western, 2009). Fish was a very religious man. He claimed that his reasoning for his crimes were of religious purposes. He took the word of the al-Quran and twisted it to make his doings the work of God.Several times he said he was visited by Jesus Christ. Jesus would give him messages express him what to do. Fish identified religious belief with crucifixion. In all his doings, he conception he was doing right because no angels came and stopped him as they did in the story of Abraham and the sacrifice of his son Isaac. The word stripes i n the Bible he referred to the lashes left by being whipped. He performed castrations and sacrificed virgins. Fish put cannibalism on the same level as communion. Eat the flesh and drink the blood, and they will become one with him, and he with them.This made Albert Fish feel God-like and powerful. He said he inserted the needles into his pelvic region to purge himself of sin by torcher. Theories of Personality The two different theories of reputation selected are the drive theoretical account of Freuds theory of psychodynamics and the cognitive-social theory. Freud reasoned that if a symptom is not of physiological origin and the patient is consciously trying to stop it but cannot, accordingly opposing the conscious will must be an unconscious counter-will of bear upon or greater magnitude (Kowalski Western, 2009), which is the basis for his theories. The drive model was proposed by two basics sex and aggression. Albert Fish used both in concert to shape his life. To him they were one and the same. He enjoyed and got off the torcher of himself and others. Cognitivesocial theories cope the behaviorist belief that learning (rather than instinct, conflict, or defense) is the basis of personality and that personality dispositions tend to be relatively specific and shaped by their consequences.However, they also focus on beliefs, expectations, and information processing (Kowalski & Western, 2009). This theory shows how environmental demands, and the way one processes the information about themselves and the world can have an effect on ones interaction of a situation, such as school or in an orphanage, and ones learned tendencies to behave in a certain way in a certain circumstance, which in turn can reflect ones knowledge and beliefs. Albert Fishs environment at the Catholic orphanage demanded him to piquet other boys get whipped.He was also whipped himself. He began to relate this abuse to sexual gratification by torching himself and others. He also conne cted suffering to religious aspects, such as being purged of sin. In the end believed the religion was his reason for his crimes. The author believes the cognitive-theory best explains Albert Fishs behaviors and achievements because of his strong belief that what he was doing was an act of God. If Fish was never subjected to the environment at the orphanage, he may not have developed the sexual urge from torcher.The author also believes many other factors in Fishs life contributed to his deranged achievement, such as the family history of mental illness and the psycho break, which occurred when his wife abandoned him and his children. Albert Fishs environment and religious bringing up was horrid yet detrimental to his moral psychological development. It is obvious that family issues and support systems along with hereditary influences has greatly impacted his life and influenced his behaviors and achievements. Albert Fish was rear guilty of murder in the first degree and sentence d to death by electric chair. He was 65.ReferencesFarlex. (2011). The Free Dictionary. Farlex, Inc. Retrieved May 22, 2011 from The Free Dictionary by Farlex http//www. thefreedictionary. com/developmental+psychology Kowalski, Robin and Western, Drew. (2009). Psychology. 5th Ed. Chp. 10, 12, and 13. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Retrieved May 22, 2011 from the University of Phoenix https//ecampus. hoenix. edu/content/eBookLibrary2/content/TOC. aspx? assetMetaId=e5b1e2e8-3a11-4d07-970f-cecd423d9973&assetDataId=63bf6c04-77c0-4129-afdb-dd2c6b73eccf Borowski, John. (2006). Albert Fish In Sin He launch Salvation. Waterfront Productions. Schechter, Harold. (1990). Deranged The Shocking True Story of Americas diabolic Killer